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Schiffstechnik | Ship
Schiffstechnik | Ship Technology Japan’s R&D maritime roadmap to 2050 A research project under the Japan Ship Technology Research Association (JSTRA) surveyed innovative technologies from various sectors and countries. This article is a shortened version of Kohei Matsuo’s presentation at this year’s HIPER conference, which was honored with the »HANSA Inspiring Visionary Award« We investigated new technologies adopted in other industries and examples of advanced technology implementation in the maritime industry worldwide. Considering the applicability of these technologies to the maritime industry was used as basis for discussing future ship technologies 30 years from now. For our project, we surveyed literature and interviewed relevant parties (universities, research institutions, manufacturers, etc.) to extract technologies that could be applied to ships in the future. We also analyzed individual technologies from the viewpoint of feasibility/maturity and magnitude of impact. This led to a technology roadmap to organize shortterm and medium-term R&D projects. We extracted noteworthy technologies (6 fields, total 116 cases) for future ship and analyzed them. Advanced R&D seemingly focuses increasingly on a few specific areas: technology on the environment and energy, nanotechnology, information technology, and life sciences. The Japanese government has also focused its funding on those fields. The research results from the technology on environment and energy, nanotechnology and information technology can become directly applicable to the maritime industry. But even some life sciences (e.g. brain science) may lead to applications in future maritime technology. Overall, the current fields of science and technology are likely to communicate and cross-fertilize in the future. The future lies not in developing single technologies in depth, but to combine and integrate technologies from other fields and other industries. Many interesting developments in maritime technologies can be found in the USA. While developed for the US Navy, many technologies can be applied just as well in the civilian sector. Likely »game changing« technologies include innovation of shipbuilding, ship operation and logistics by information & communication technology (ICT). The following should be the material applied by nanotechnology. Carbon may bring next revolution R&D efforts have been made for higher strength and more flexible steels. These achievements are sequentially incorporated into the shipbuilding industry. Meanwhile, there is R&D on smarter materials or functional materials in other industries. Future ship materials will increasingly involve composites of various materials (steel, carbon, and organic material). We see already the practical use of CFRP (composite fibre reinforced plastics) in the aerospace and automotive industries. The application of new nanocarbon materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene should be game changing for the maritime industry. Ship structures have moved from wood to steel. Carbon may bring the next revolution. Nanocarbon material is not only a good structural material, but also a good functional material e.g. for builtin electronic circuitry, semiconductors or heat exchangers. Ship outfitting work may dramatically change (e.g. embedding electrical materials and printed circuit board directly into hull elements by printing). By realizing ultra-light ships, we may also see different hull forms and structural designs for volume carriers such as cruise ships, mega-yachts, ferries and navy vessels. Concept on LCA 80 HANSA International Maritime Journal – 154. Jahrgang – 2017 – Nr. 12
Schiffstechnik | Ship Technology Siegerbeitrag HIPER AWARD Source: JSTRA (life cycle assessment) including ship recycling would also be affected. We may see increasingly high-performance materials with a variety of new features such as transparency, ability to reactively adjust shape or mechanical properties (biomimetic technology), self-healing, intelligence (with sensors embedded). Simulation and Design Along with increasingly available HPC (High Performance Computing), our capabilities in simulation have progressed, e.g. modeling directly complex turbulence or hydro-elastic fluid-structure interaction for ships. Simulation will proceed towards multi-scaled and/or multi-physics models, with high accuracy and high reliability. In the future, we can analyze and determine the behavior of ships or systems by only simulation (simulation-based design or one-shot manufacturing). Tailored on-demand production will be taken for granted in the future society. In addition, simulation will spread to include non-technical aspects, such as the human element in a system (behavior model, human simulation, soft computing) or business models (Product-Service Systems, PSS). The focus will spread from the product itself to its service to maximize the product value. With respect to ship technology, various simulation technologies which are not only extensions of the classical applications (stability, hydrodynamics and structural behavior) are expected to evolve and support design and operation. Data science or statistical science is likely to become more important and widely used. The importance of »data science« is recognized as the fourth science (fourth paradigm). For example, physics-based simulation will be enhanced and/or supplemented by data mining, Big Data analyses and employing artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as machine learning. In the design field, design errors are minimized by visualization and advanced verification, using a wide range of techniques including 3D CAD and Virtual Reality / Augmented Reality (VR/AR) technology. Manufacturing and Construction By introduction of the IoT (Internet of Things) in the production site, soon steel plates will be automatically conveyed by machines communicating with each other based on a predetermined construction plan from steel cut stage to the various assembly stages. Further, it will be possible to record the complete building process through a spreading monitoring network of wearable devices all over the shipyard. These devices enable real-time traceability of the whole ship construction, allowing also quantification of a shipbuilding site’s ability or work skill. Current standard procedures may change by the introduction of ICT technology. Currently, the design department and the production site have different roles and are separated in the shipyard organization. It is also believed to be more effcient to divide work processes as much as possible. With ICT technology, especially with the spread of wearable devices or AR technology, information is integrated between the design department and the production site. Digitiza- HANSA International Maritime Journal – 154. Jahrgang – 2017 – Nr. 12 81
